1.
Define the
term ‘health’.
Health is a state of physical, mental and social well-being.
2.
What are
the factors needed for good health?
The factors needed for good health are:
a.
Food
b.
Balanced diet
c.
Personal hygiene
d.
Exercise
e.
Rest and sleep
f.
Regular medical check-up
3.
Name the
three food groups.
The three food groups are:
a.
Energy giving
food: they contain carbohydrates and fats
b.
Bodybuilding food:
they contain protein
c.
Protective food:
they contain vitamins and minerals
4.
Classify the following food items as rich in
carbohydrates, proteins and fats:
a.
Banana – Carbohydrate
b.
Peas - Protein
c.
Coconut - Carbohydrate,
Fat
d.
Rice - Carbohydrate
e.
Wheat - Carbohydrate
f.
Apple - Carbohydrate
g.
Potato – Carbohydrate,
Fat
h.
Cooking oil - Fat
i.
Meat – Fat,
Protein
j.
Groundnut - Fat
k.
Eggs – Fat,
Protein
5.
What are
protective foods?
Foods that protect us from various diseases are called
protective food. They contain vitamins and minerals. Fruits and green
vegetables are protective food.
6.
Name the
following:
a.
a mineral
required for strengthening bones and teeth
Calcium
b.
Sources of
vitamin A
Carrot,
Milk
7.
How is
water important for our body?
Water is important for our body because it:
a.
helps in the
transportation of digested food and oxygen throughout the body
b.
helps in the
excretion of soluble waste from our body
c.
regulates our
body temperature
8.
What is
roughage? Give any four sources of roughage.
Roughage is the indigestible portion of our food. It
prevents constipation.
Four sources of roughage are
salad, green vegetables, whole fruits and cereals.
9.
Define a
balanced diet. How does it affect our health?
A diet which consists of adequate proportion of
carbohydrate, fat, protein, vitamins and minerals, is called a balanced diet.
Balanced diet
provides all essential nutrients needed by our body in adequate amount.
10.How can we maintain a good health?
We can maintain good health by
a.
taking balanced
diet
b.
eating more
fruits and vegetables
c.
eating less sweet
and fatty food (junk food)
11.Explain the need for the following:
a.
Bathing
· It keeps the body clean from sweat, dirt and germs.
· It prevents our body from serious skin diseases
b.
Habit of
washing hands before and after every meal.
It
keeps our hands free from dirt and germs. If hands are not washed before and
after every meal, germs will enter our mouth through the food that we eat.
c.
Combing and
cleaning hair regularly.
Combing
and cleaning removes dirt, bad odour and germs from our hair.
12.Explain the following term in brief:
a.
Communicable
diseases
Diseases
that spread from one person to another are called communicable or infectious
diseases. For example, common cold.
b.
Cleanliness
of the surroundings
Poor
drainage system, poor sewage & refuse disposal in the area, overcrowding,
poor ventilation, air pollution, water & soil are some of the factors for
unhygienic conditions in our surroundings. It is our responsibility to keep our
surrounding clean.
13.Give reasons:
a.
Stale food
is bad for health.
If we
eat stale food, we will fall ill.
b.
City water
supply is chlorinated.
City
water supply is chlorinated to kill the germs
14.Explain the importance of the following:
a.
Exercise - keeps the
body fit.
b.
Rest and sleep - helps overcome fatigue and restore energy to the
body
c.
Regular medical
check-up - enables the physician to
detect defects to treat them before they become serious
15.Explain the following terms in brief:
a.
Pollution - contamination of air, water and soil
b.
Sanitation - include sewage treatment, solid waste disposal and
water treatment
16.What is first aid? Suggest the basic first aid in each
of the following cases: burns, bruise, cuts.
First aid is the immediate aid or assistant given to a
sick/injured person before professional medical attention is available.
a.
Burns - immediately wash the affected part with sufficient
cold water for a few minutes. After cold water treatment, apply Vaseline
dressing.
b.
Bruise - the best aid is to keep putting cold water on it. A
towel or handkerchief soaked in water may also be used.
c.
Cuts - raise the affected part to minimise gravitational
flow of blood. Wash Out the surface with clean water and if possible, apply
some mild antiseptic.
17.How do diseases spread? List precautionary measures to
prevent the spread of diseases.
Diseases may spread by
a.
breathing in air
which contains disease causing microorganisms
b.
taking infected
food or water
c.
bite of insects
like mosquito
d.
direct contact
The following steps should be taken to avoid infection:
a.
drinking water
should be boiled particularly if there are chances of infection.
b.
Breathe fresh air
& cover mouth with handkerchief while coughing/sneezing.
c.
washing vegetables
and fruits properly before eating.
d.
kill mosquitoes
by spraying DDT & other insecticides, filling places where mosquitoes
breed, so that there is no standing water, spraying kerosene oil or an
insecticide on the surface of ponds and lakes so that mosquitoes are killed in
their larval stage.
e.
cover garbage bins
with lid so that house flies don’t convey diseases through them
f.
dispose off patient's
faecal matter, as it contains a number of disease causing germs.
g.
Wash clothes,
utensils & other articles used by a diseased person, with hot water.
18.Name a disease that spread by:
a.
Droplet infection - plague
b.
Contaminated food
or water - cholera
c.
Direct contact - ringworm
d.
Insect bites - malaria
19. Fill in the blanks:
a.
Potato, jaggery
and rice are rich in carbohydrates (proteins/carbohydrates).
b.
Soyabean is a
rich source of proteins (fats/proteins).
c.
Fruits and green vegetables
are protective foods.
(Body building/protective)
d.
Excess of protein
dangers the kidney (liver/kidney).
e.
The diseases that
can be passed directly or indirectly from one person to another are called communicable diseases.
(non-communicable/communicable).
20. State True or False:
a.
Cabbage and cauliflower
give us a lot of energy. False
b.
Lack of
protein in a diet slows down the growth of children. False
c.
We should
mostly eat fried and roasted food. False
d.
Too hot and
too cold meals are good for our health.
False
e.
Overcrowding in
cities has led to unhygienic living conditions. True
f.
The undigestible
portion of food consists largely of roughage. True
g.
Carrot and
milk are rich sources of vitamin A. False
h.
Rest and sleep
help overcome fatigue and restore energy to the body. True
i.
The teeth and
gums need regular care. True
j.
The hygiene is
the practice of good health habits. True
21.Write five good habits to stay healthy.
a.
Bathing removes
dirt and all the harmful germs
b.
yoga and exercise
make the body fit
c.
eating a balanced
diet makes us healthy
d.
combing removes
germs on the hair
e.
brushing makes our
teeth healthy
22.Write three benefits of personal hygiene.
a.
our body will be
more able to withstand diseases
b.
our body will
recover quickly from an illness or accident
c.
our body will be
free from germs
23.Why is first aid necessary?
First aid is the immediate aid or assistance that is
given to an injured person before professional medical attention is available
24.What are the three benefits of balanced diet?
a.
the body will be
fit
b.
it helps in
maintaining good health
c.
it helps in the
growth of the body
25.Name the different nutrients with examples.
Carbohydrates
– potato, beetroot
Protein –
milk, curd
Fat – milk, ghee
Vitamins – milk,
fruits
Minerals – cabbage,
spinach
26.Why do we need food?
We need food for proper growth and maintenance of our
body.
27.What is diet?
The food that we eat is called our diet.
28.What is personal hygiene?
Personal hygiene refers to those activities which an
individual performs to keep himself healthy and protect from various diseases.
29.What is noise?
Noise is a type of pollution, which may lead to
deafness.
30.What is sanitation?
Sanitation is the process of proper disposal of sewage
and industrial waste. It includes the following:
a.
Sewage treatment
b.
solid waste
disposal
c.
dumping
d.
decomposting
31.What is refuse?
Refuse is a solid waste, which consists of rubbish
from city and town, animal carcasses from farms and sawdust and metal from
factories.
32.What is composting?
The process of placing waste in a pit for decomposting,
is called composting.
33.What is decomposting?
When the waste in the pit is decomposed by decomposers,
the method is known as decomposting.
34.What are decomposers?
The microorganisms, which change the waste in the pit
into manure within a few months, are called decomposers.
35.What are diseases?
Diseases are disturbances in the normal function of an
organ or a group of organs or of the entire body.
36.Mention
five practices to maintain social hygiene
37.Describe
the functions of all the five nutrients with examples.
38.What
is chlorination?
Adding chlorine to the water to kill germs
39.What
is sewage?
Waste water disposed from house and factories
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