RURAL LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT

 

L-10. RURAL LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT



D. GIVE REASONS:

1. India needs the Panchayati Raj system.

India is a very large country. Therefore, it is difficult to attend the administration and the problems of the whole country by a single government. To make governance easy and more efficient, local self-governments have been formed.

 2. A group of five people and not just one person is elected to the gram panchayat.

In ancient times villages in India settled disputes and other problems through a body called Panchayat. The word Panchayat means a body of five elders. Today all local self-government bodies for rural areas are called panchayats.

 E. Answer these:

1. What is a Gram Sabha? What does it do?

The Gram Sabha or a Village Assembly is one of the three main bodies of the panchayat system at the village level. It is found in villages that have a population of 500 or more.

  • All men and women above the age of 18 years are members of the Gram Sabha.

  • A Gram Sabha meets at least twice a year.

  • Important decisions concerning the village are discussed by the Gram Sabha.

  • It elects representatives to the Gram Panchayat.

2. Write three compulsory functions of a Gram Panchayat.

  • providing farmers with better seeds and fertilisers

  • providing clean drinking water and maintaining wells, tanks and pumps.

  • providing health facilities - It runs health centres and immunisation programmes.

  • providing primary education

  • maintaining cleanliness in the village

  • maintaining roads and street lights

3. What is the purpose of a Nyaya Panchayat

A Nyaya Panchayat is a village local court. It settles minor disputes within its limits and provides cheap and prompt justice to the villagers.

4. Write two functions of a Block Samiti.

  • Block Samiti makes plans for the development of the whole block.

  • The expert officer in agriculture advises villagers on better variety of seeds, pesticides, new methods of cultivation and so on.

  • The expert officer in animal husbandry tells them about better breeds of cattle, their upkeep and maintenance.

 5. Describe the composition of a Jila Parishad.

Jila Parishad comprises of

  •  a chairperson or Block Pramukh of the block Samiti.

  • local MLAs and MPs

  • seats are reserved for women and people belonging to scheduled castes & scheduled tribes

  • the members elect a president and a vice president from amongst themselves.

6. Write three functions of a Zilla Parishad.

The Jila Parishad helps and supports the Gram Panchayat and Block Samities

  • It maintains law and order, land records and collects revenue.

  • It maintains the various developmental works taken up under the community development programme of the district.

  • On the basis of the plans prepared by Block Samities, the Jila Parishad makes a plan for the whole district.

  • It informs the state government of the work done by the Gram Panchayat and Block Samities.

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